1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

CAS NO.

935-79-5

1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE

EINECS NO. 213-308-7
FORMULA C8H8O3
MOL WT. 152.15
H.S. CODE

 

TOXICITY

 

SYNONYMS cis-4-Cyclohexene-1,2-Dicarboxylic Anhydride;
3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1,3-Isobenzofurandione; 3,6-exo-Oxo-1,2,3,6- tetrahydrophthalic Anhydride; cis-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride; Tetrahydrophthalic anhydride; (Z)-4-Cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride; 1,2,3,6-Tetrahydrophthalsäureanhydrid (German); Anhídrido 1,2,3,6-tetrahidroftalico; Anhydride 1,2,3,6-tétrahydrophtalique (French);
RAW MATERIALS Maleic Anhydride Derivative

CLASSIFICATION

CARBOXYLIC ACID ANHYDRIDES / PLASTICIZERS /

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

PHYSICAL STATE white to light yellow flakes
MELTING POINT 101 - 102 C
BOILING POINT  
SPECIFIC GRAVITY

1.147

SOLUBILITY IN WATER Reacts 
AUTOIGNITION  
VAPOR DENSITY  
pH

 

REFRACTIVE INDEX

 

NFPA RATINGS Health: 3; Flammability: 1; Reactivity: 0
FLASH POINT 156 C
STABILITY

Stable (Shelf life: 12 months from production date)

APPLICATIONS

It is mainly used as a hardener component for epoxy resins. It is used as an intermediate for polyesters, specialty resins, plasticizers, adhesives, fungicides, pesticides.
SALES SPECIFICATION

APPEARANCE

White to light yellow flakes

PURITY

99.0% min

ASH

0.1% max
TRANSPORTATION
PACKING 25kgs in bag
HAZARD CLASS 8 (Packing Group: III)
UN NO. 2698
OTHER INFORMATION
European Hazard Symbols: XI, Risk Phrases: 34-36/37, Safety Phrases: 25

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF ANHYDRIDE

Phthalic anhydride, the anhydride form of phthalic acid , is produced by the oxidation of orthoxylene and naphthalene. Its wide application is based on the ortho related carboxylic acid groups as their dehydration is highly reactive with broad processing conditions to produce various downstream products. It is used to make simple esters widely used as plasticizers. It is used as in making unsaturated polyester resins, alkyd resins, polyester polyols, dyes and pigments, halogenated anhydrides, polyetherimide resins, isatoic anhydride and insect repellents.

Anhydride is a compound formed by the abstraction of a molecule of water, H2O, from a substance. The term acid anhydride is restricted sometime to the anhydride formed especially from an acid by dehydration or one that revert to the original substance upon hydration. In case of bimolecular, it can be composed of two molecules of the corresponding acid. The term mixed anhydride is an acid anhydride composed of two different acids. Examples are adenosine triphosphate or an aminoacyl adenylate. The anhydrides of bases are oxides.

Anhydrides of inorganic acids are usually oxides of nonmetallic elements. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the anhydride of carbonic acid, dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) is the anhydride of nitric acid, sodium oxide is an anhydride of sodium hydroxide, phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) is the anhydride of phosphoric acid, and sulfur trioxide (SO3) is the anhydride of sulfuric acid. An acid anhydride forms an acid; a base anhydride forms a base. Sulfur trioxide (acid anhydride) reacts with water to form sulfuric acid (an acid product). Calcium oxide (an base anhydride) reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide (a base product).

Organic anhydrides contain the carbonyl group (CO). Organic anhydrides are formed by the condensation of original acids. Lactone, an internal cyclic monoester, is an anhydride derived from the hydroxyl and carboxyl radicals. In organic chemistry, most anhydride compounds are derived from corresponding carboxylic acids. Carboxylic anhydrides, general formula (RCO)2O, are the dehydration product of two carboxylic acid molecules. The name of carboxylic anhydride is given first from the original acid, followed by the separate word "anhydride". [CH3(CH2)2CO]2O is butanoic anhydride, CH3COOCOCH2CH3 is ethanoic propanoic anhydride (or acetic propionic anhydride). Anhydrides are more reactive than the parent acids. Anhydrides are typically not target molecules, but rather they are used as intermediates for the synthesis of other organic members such as esters and amides for the industrial applications include dyes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, plastics, fibers, curing agents, plasticizers and many others. The reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives are in order of acyl halides > anhydrides >> esters ¡Ö acids >> amides.  Anhydrides react with alcohols to form esters; acetic anhydride [(CH3CO)2O] reacts with ethanol (C2H5OH) to form ethyl acetate (CH3COOC2H5) used as a common solvent. Anhydrides also react with ammonia and primary or secondary amines to form amides. Anhydrides react with water to form their corresponding acids.